Single B cell screening is a powerful technique for isolating and generating antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). This method, often integrated with high-throughput platforms, allows for efficient detection of antibody secretion and rapid identification of lead clones, thereby accelerating antibody discovery, vaccine design, and the development of targeted therapies. Single B cells are advantageous for its simplicity, as it requires only a small number of cells while maintaining a high efficiency in rapidly obtaining specific mAbs.1
The overall process is as follows:
Immunization: 1-2 months with host species with a specific antigen of interest.
Plasma B cell isolation: Collect antibody-secreting cells from spleen and bone marrow.
Single B cell screening: Protein binding and/or cell-based binding is used to detect and sort positive micro-droplets.
Single-cell sequencing.
High-throughput expression and validation.2
Biointron's high-throughput single B cell screening platform can screen 2*10^6 plasma B-cells from immunized animals. Antigen specific antibody-secreting cells can be isolated, allowing for the detection of potentially rare antibodies and drugs.
Tiller, T. (2011). Single B cell antibody technologies. New Biotechnology, 28(5), 453-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2011.03.014
Pedrioli, A., & Oxenius, A. (2021). Single B Cell Technologies for monoclonal antibody discovery. Trends in Immunology, 42(12), 1143–1158. https://doi:10.1016/j.it.2021.10.008
The therapeutic efficacy of antibodies is closely related to their ability to recognize and bind specific epitopes on target antigens. Epitopes, or antigenic determinants, are a group of amino acids or other chemical groups that are part of a molecule to which an antibody attaches itself. Epitope characterization can help reveal the mechanism of antibody binding and apply intellectual property (patent) protection for novel antibodies, in addition to designing antibodies with high specificity and minimal cross-reactivity.
Understanding the differences between antibody specificity and selectivity is essential for designing and interpreting antibody-based assays in research for experimental accuracy and data interpretation. Antibody specificity refers to an antibody's ability to recognize and bind to a particular epitope—a unique part of an antigen that elicits an immune response.
Antibody-based assays are essential tools in biomedical research, providing the means to detect, quantify, and visualize specific proteins or antigens within complex biological samples. These assays' efficacy hinges on the antibodies' precise properties. While affinity, avidity, specificity, and selectivity are fundamental to antibody performance, the ultimate impact of these properties is heavily influenced by the experimental context in which the antibody is employed.
Biologics, particularly antibodies, have become indispensable in biomedical research and therapeutic development. Research-use-only (RUO) biologics play a pivotal role in preclinical studies, providing researchers with the necessary tools to explore antibody functions and therapeutic potential in vivo.
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